امنیتی سازی پدیده مهاجرت در اتحادیه اروپا با تأکید بر مسلمانان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روابط بین الملل، گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

2 دانشیار روابط بین الملل، گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

چکیده

در دهه‌های اخیر، پدیده مهاجرت در اثر عوامل مختلفی افزایش چشم‌گیری داشته است و به‌ویژه از سال 2015 مهاجرت مسلمانان به اروپا به دلیل نزدیکی اروپا به مناطق بحران‌خیزی چون خاورمیانه تشدید شده است. از طرفی طی چند سال گذشته تقریباً در اکثر کشورهای اروپایی گرایش‌های راست افراطی و نژادپرستانه گسترش‌یافته و مهاجران و بخصوص مسلمانان هدف اول حملات احزاب راست افراطی و رسانه‌های غربی قرارگرفته‌اند و از مهاجران به‌عنوان تهدیدکنندگان هویت، ارزش‌ها، فرهنگ و اقتصاد خود یاد میکنند. مقاله پیش رو با بررسی روند مهاجرت به اروپا و برداشت اروپائیان، در پی پاسخ به این پرسش است: آیا مهاجرت مسلمانان به اتحادیه اروپا یک تهدید واقعی است یا یک تهدید برساخته؟ در قالب نظریه امنیتی‌سازی مکتب کپنهاگ و با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی، استدلال‌های این پژوهش نشان میدهد که مهاجرت مسلمانان به کشورهای اروپایی، بیش از آنکه تهدید واقعی برای اقتصاد، هویت و ارزش‌های غربی باشند یک تهدید برساخته شده از سوی سیاستمداران و رسانه‌های غربی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Securitization of the immigration phenomenon in the in the European Union: with an Emphasis on Muslim Minority

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fereshteh Bahramipour 1
  • Sahar Barati Boroujeni 1
  • Ali Omidi 2
1 PhD student of International Relations, Department of Political Science, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Corresponding Author, Associate Professor of International Relations, Political Science Department, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail: aliomidi@ase.ui.ac.ir
چکیده [English]

Immigration has experienced a significant surge in the past few decades as a result of a variety of factors. The proximity of Europe to critical regions, such as the Middle East and North Africa, has resulted in an increase in the immigration of Muslims to Europe since 2015. However, in recent years, extreme right-wing and racist tendencies have gained traction in nearly all European countries. Some extreme right-wing parties and Western media have used immigrants, particularly Muslims, as a convenient scapegoat, characterizing them as threats to their identity, values, culture, and economy. This study analyzed the perception of Europeans toward Muslim immigrants to determine whether the immigration of Muslims to the European Union (EU) is a genuine or fabricated threat. This was a descriptive-analytical study that employed the Copenhagen school as the theoretical framework. The study findings indicated that the immigration of Muslims to European countries is predominantly a threat fabricated by certain politicians.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • European Union
  • securitization
  • Muslims
  • Copenhagen school
  • immigration

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