پویایی های عرصه داخلی و سیاست منطقه ای عربستان سعودی (بازه زمانی 2019-2011)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران. ایران

2 استاد دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین‌الملل، دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران. ایران

چکیده

پژوهش درباره تحلیل تاثیرگذاری پیشران های داخلی بر سیاست و راهبرد منطقه ای کشورهای خاورمیانه محدود است؛ در این راستا هدف اصلی این تحقیق کیفی، تبیین چگونگی تاثیرگذاری پویایی های داخلی بر سیاست خاورمیانه ای عربستان طی سال های 2011 تا 2019 است. گردآوری داده ها از طریق مطالعات اسنادی بوده و با به کارگیری نظریه سیاست خارجی انحرافی مورد تحلیل قرار گرفته اند. این پژوهش نشان می دهد که کسری مشروعیت، تغییرات در ساخت قدرت و نگرانی فزاینده ناشی از پیامدهای داخلی بهار عربی در شکل گیری انگیزه های انحرافی عربستان برای ورود به درگیری های منطقه ای یا «تشدید» این نوع درگیری ها و رقابت های ژئوپلیتیکی در بازه زمانی مزبور تاثیرگذار بودند. پژوهش حاضر پیشنهاد می کند که تقویت «حکمرانی خوب»، مولفه ای حیاتی در کاهش اختلافات منطقه ای است؛ از این منظر «تمرکز» عربستان بر راهبرد اصلاحات به ویژه توسعه اقتصادی از سال 2019 به بعد منجر به تعدیل نسبی قابل توجهی در رقابت‌های ژئوپلیتیکی این کشور، تاحدی تغییر راهبرد منطقه‌ای آن و بالتبع، کاهش شدید انگیزه‌های انحرافی اش برای ورود به کشمکش‌های منطقه‌ای شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Domestic Dynamics and Saudi Arabia’s Regional Policy (2011–2019)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fahimeh Ghorbani 1
  • Hamid Ahmadi 2
  • Mehdi Zakerian 3
1 Ph.D. Student of International Relations, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Faculty of Law, Theology and Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor of Political Science, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Faculty of Theology, Law and Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Most of the investigations into Middle Eastern countries’ regional policy overlook the role of domestic variables, despite their significant impact on the regional policy and even their capacity to shaping regional strategy. In this regard, the main purpose of this qualitative research is to explain how domestic dynamics affected Saudi Arabia’s Middle East policy from 2011 to 2019. The data were collected through documentary research and analyzed using the diversionary theory of foreign policy. This research revealed that legitimacy deficit, power transition, and anxiety arising from the domestic consequences of the Arab Spring were influential in the formation of diversionary motives of Saudi Arabia to enter into regional conflicts or escalate geopolitical rivalries. This study suggests that strengthening ‘good governance’ is a vital component in mitigating regional conflicts and fostering peace; from this perspective, Saudi Arabia’s ‘focus’ on reform strategy, particularly economic development from 2019 onwards, has led to a considerable adjustment to the Saudi geopolitical rivalries, the alteration of its regional strategy to some extent and consequently, a sharp reduction in its diversionary motives to enter into regional conflicts.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Domestic Dynamics
  • Arab Spring
  • Saudi Arabia’s Regional Policy
  • Diversionary Foreign Policy

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