تأثیر روس‌زبانان بر جامعه و دولت در اسرائیل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مطالعات منطقه ای دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

2 کارشناسی ارشد، مطالعات منطقه ای دانشگاه تهران

3 کارشناسی ارشد مطالعات منطقه ای، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

10.22124/wp.2026.33900.3678

چکیده

از ابتدای شکل‌گیری جنش صهیونی، یهودیان روسیه از فعالان برجستۀ این جنش بودند که با تلاش‌های بسیار، دولت یهود را بنیان نهادند. آنان با انگیزه‌های ایدئولوژیک به فلسطین رفتند. موج اول سیاست‌مداران اسرائیلی پیش و پس از ایجاد دولت یهود که به زبان‌های روسی، ییدیش و لهستانی سخن می‌گفتند، دو حزب سیاسی بزرگ کارگر و تجدیدنظرخواه و سپس حزب لیکود را پایه‌گذاری کردند. رهبران اتحاد شوروی از تشکیل دولت یهود پشتیبانی کردند، ولی در مورد مهاجرت یهودیان روسیه با دولت اسرائیل اختلاف پیدا کردند. پس از فروپاشی اتحاد شوروی، بوریس یلتسین و سپس ولادیمیر پوتین با دولت و جامعۀ اسرائیل روابطی نزدیک برقرار کردند. پرسش اصلی این نوشتار این است که روس‌زبانان در جامعه و دولت اسرائیل چه جایگاه و تأثیری دارند؟ در پاسخ این فرضیه مطرح شد که روس‌زبانان به‌سبب جایگاه اجتماعی، نفوذ اقتصادی و سیاسی، قوی‌ترین اقلیت تأثیر‌گذار بر دولت اسرائیل هستند. پوتین روابط روسیه و اسرائیل را «بی‌نظیر» و اسرائیل را خانۀ بزرگ‌ترین جامعۀ روس‌زبانان خوانده است. در این نوشتار با کاربست روش کیفی با رویکرد توصیفی‌تحلیلی به درهم‌تنیدگی روس‌زبانان در جامعۀ اسرائیل و چگونگی آرایش قدرت این گروه در ساختار سیاسی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی این کشور می‌پردازیم.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The influence of Russian speakers on society and government in Israel

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elaheh Koolaee 1
  • Peyman Kavianifar 2
  • Fatemeh Samkhaniani 3
1 Regional Studies Department, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran
2 MA in regional studies, University of Tehran
3 MA in regional studies, University of Allameh Tabatabaee
چکیده [English]

Since the inception of the Zionist movement, Russian Jews have been prominent activists in this movement, and through significant efforts, they established the Jewish state. The first wave of Israeli politicians, before and after the creation of the Jewish state, who spoke Russian, Yiddish, and Polish, greatly influenced the social and cultural fabric of the early decades of Israel. The leaders of the Soviet Union supported the establishment of the Jewish state, but they disagreed with the Israeli government regarding the immigration of Russian Jews. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Boris Yeltsin and later Vladimir Putin established close relations with the Israeli government and society. The main question of this paper is: what position do Russian speakers hold in Israeli society and government? In response, it was hypothesized that Russian speakers, due to their social status, economic, and political influence, are the strongest influential minority over the Israeli government. This paper, using a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach, examines the intertwining of Russian speakers in Israeli society and how this group's power is arranged within political, economic, and social structures.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Israel"
  • Society"
  • Russian Speakers"
  • "
  • Russia"
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