نسبت بین ساخت قدرت سیاسی و ایدئولوژی و عدم توسعه و باز شکل‌گیری و باز اصلاح نهادی در ایران(۱۴۰۰- ۱۳۵۷)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جامعه‌شناسی ، دانشکدة علوم انسانی و تربیتی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی،تبریز ،ایران.

2 استادیار گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکدة علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکدة علوم انسانی و تربیتی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.

4 استادیارگروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکدة علوم انسانی و تربیتی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

مقاله حاضر می­کوشد، شناخت تحلیلی و انتقادی از نقش نوسازی در فرآیند تمایزپذیری نهادی در نظام دینی جمهوری اسلامی(۱۴۰۰- ۱۳۵۷) بدست دهد. با این نظر، هر چه جامعه در مرحلةگذار از سنتی به مدرن از توسعة موزون برخوردار شده، لاجرم با تمایز نهادی مواجه و برعکس اگر از توسعه متوازن و تدریجی برخوردار نشده و یا یکی از نهادها، دیگر نهادهای اجتماعی را تحت سیطرة و سلطه خود گرفته، جامعه با اختلال کارکردی و ضعف تمایزپذیری نهادی مواجه شده است. همان­طوری­که در دوره پهلوی، هژمونی با نهاد قدرت و سیاست بود و سایر نهادهای اجتماعی تحت سیطرۀ آن بودند و این امر مانع استقلال و تعادل کارکردی سایر نهادها می­شد. در دوره جمهوری اسلامی به­نظر می­رسد سیطره نهاد ایدئولوژی باعث ضعف تمایزپذیری نهادی و اختلال کارکردی شده­است. شناخت تحلیلی و انتقادی فرآیند تمایزپذیری نهادی و اختلالات کارکرد نهادها و نیز شناخت تحلیلی و انتقادی نقش نوسازی و مدرنیته در فرآیند تمایزپذیری نهادی در نظام دینی جمهوری اسلامی پرسش­هایی هستند که پژوهش حاضر درصدد پاسخ به آنها است. روش پژوهش این مقاله به روش تطبیقی- تاریخی و اسنادی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Link Between Political Power Structure and its Ideology with the Lack of Institutional Development, Renewal, and Reform in Iran (1978-2021)

نویسندگان [English]

  • ali khodaei nansa 1
  • firooz rad 2
  • davood ebrahimpour 3
  • samad sabagh 4
1 PhD student, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities and Education, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, School of Social Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Educational Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Educational Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The current research tries to get an analytical and critical understanding of the process of institutional differentiation and their dysfunctions, as well as the role of modernization and modernity in the process of institutional differentiation in the religious system of Islamic republics. To answer these analyzes and criticisms, the theories of classical and contemporary sociologists such as Durkheim, Parsons, Abrahamian, Katouzian, etc. were used and finally the question was raised that whatever society is in the transition stage from traditional to modern, balanced development and gradually enjoyed, it inevitably faced institutional change and differentiation, and on the contrary, if the society did not enjoy a balanced, synchronized and gradual development process, or one of the institutions took over other social institutions, it faced functional disorder and weak institutional differentiation. . As history shows, the process of modernization in Iran, which mainly started with Reza Shah's reign, gradually transformed many aspects of traditional Iranian society, but despite that, modernity in the sense that emerged in the West and led to institutional differentiation. , was not realized in Iranian society. In other words, Iran's social institutions were quickly modernized in terms of form, but in the long run, they could not find a completely separate and specific identity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Modernity
  • development
  • institutional differentiation
  • functional disorder
 
Abrahamian, Y. (2002), Iran between two revolutions, Translated by Kazem Firouzmand and others, Fifth Edition, Tehran, Center publication. {In Persian}
Amir Ahmadi, H. and Manouchehr, P. (2002), Iran after the revolution, translated by Ali Murshidizad, Tehran, Center for the Recognition of Islam and Iran. {In Persian}
Amiri, J. (2007), Revisionists and Godfathers, Tehran, Islamic Revolution Records Center. {In Persian}
Apter D.E (1967), The Politics of Modernization, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Azghandi, A. (2006), an introduction to Iranian political sociology, Tehran, Qoms Publishing. {In Persian}
Azimi Arani, H, (2014), Circuits of underdevelopment in Iran's economy, 15th edition, Tehran, Nei Publishing. {In Persian}
Baghi, E. (1998), the movement of intellectuals and people, Rah Nou magazine, first year, the first number. {In Persian}
Barzin, S. (1998), Political Factions in Iran, 2nd edition, Tehran, Center publication. {In Persian}
Bashirieh, H. (2006), An Introduction to the Political Sociology of Iran during the Islamic Republic, Tehran, Negah Masares Publishing House. {In Persian}
Bashirieh, H. (2011), A Prefact to Irans political Sociology, Tehran: “Neghah Moazair” Publshing. {In Persian}
Bashirieh, Hossein (2001),” Civil Society and Democratization during khatamis First Term” Global Dialogue, VoL.3, No.2-3, spring- summer.
Bauman, S. (2000), Modernity and Modernism, translated by Hossein Ali Nowzari, first edition, Tehran, Naqsh Jahan Publishing House. {In Persian}
Berman, M. (2004), The Experience of Modernity, translated by Murad Farhadpour, Tehran, New Design. {In Persian}
Biro, A (2008), Culture of Social Seiences, Translator: Bagher Satoukhani, Tehran: Nash Keyhan. {In Persian}
Darabi, A, (2002), Construction Agents from Faraz to Froud, Tehran, Policy Publications. {In Persian}
Dehghani Firouzabadi, S. J, and Mehdi Atai (2014), The Nuclear Discourse of the 11th Government, Strategic Demands Quarterly. 17(1), 63. {In Persian}
Delafrooz, M.T, (2014), Government and Economic Development, Political Economy in Iran and Developmental Governments, Tehran, Agah Publishing House. {In Persian}
Durkheim, E (2002), “About The Division of Social work, Translated By Baqir Parham, Tehran: Nash Markaz. {In Persian}
Ehtashami, A (1999), “Irans Foreign Policy in the construction Period, Transated by Ebraim Motagi and Zahra Poustinchi, Tehran: Center for Islamic Revolution Documents. {In Persian}
Fayaz, E, (2010), Religious Anthropology of Development in Iran: Religion, Culture and Development in Iran, Tehran, International Publishing Company. {In Persian}
Foran, Jan (1998), Fragile Resistance "History of Iran's Social Developments", translated by Ahmad Tedin, Tehran, Rasa Cultural Services Institute. {In Persian}
Forqani, M.M, (2003), The Long Way: Reviewing the Evolution of the Political Development Discourse in Iran, Tehran, Farhang Andisheh Publications. {In Persian}
Fouzi Tuiserkani, Y, (2001), Religion and Modernization in Iran, Tehran, Islamic Revolution Documentation Center. {In Persian}
Hajarian, S, (1999), sociological analyzes of the second incident of Khordad, Tehran, new design. {In Persian}
Hatami, A, and Farzad Kalate (2014), Government in the periphery and periphery in the government, Strategic Demands Quarterly. Pp: 7-25. {In Persian}
Hazaderi, A, and Mohammad Ameli (2007), Structure and Agency in the Explanations of the Islamic Revolution, Iranian Journal of Sociology, Volume 8, Number 4, pp. 72-74. {In Persian}
Huntington, S, (1991), Political system in societies undergoing change and transformation, translated by Mohsen Talasi, Tehran, Nashr elm. {In Persian}
Huntington, S., (1965), Political development andPolitical decay, world politics, XV11, 3 Avril.
Jafari, Ali Akbar (2013), “Intelligent Power and the overthrow of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the rise of the replacement of the United States to confront a Syestem with Iran”, World Politics Quarterly, Second Volume, Number 3. P: 133-155. {In Persian}
Jalaipour, H.r, (2014), Perspective of religious changes in Iran, Shafaqna website and online religion. {In Persian}
Kahun, L (2014), From Modernism to Postmodernism, Translator: Abdul Karim Rashidian, Tehran: Ney Publishing. {In Persian}
Kamali, M. (2002), Civil Society, Government and Modernization in Contemporary Iran, translated by Kamal Pooladi, Tehran, Baz Publications. {In Persian}
Kasraei, M, (2016), Analysis of the discourse of justice in the third decade of the revolution, Historical Sociology Quarterly, 8(2), 129-169.
Kozer, L, and Bernard Rosenberg (1999), Fundamental theories of sociology, Farhang Ershad translation, Tehran, Nei publication. {In Persian}
Lehsaizadeh, A (2001), Inequality and Social Stratification, Journal of Social and Sciences of Shiraz University, Shiraz, 16th Volume, 2nd issue, 3-24. {In Persian}
Matlabi, M, (2012), the fields of religiosity in the political culture of contemporary Iran, Tehran, Nashr elm. {In Persian}
Milani, M, (2002), The Formation of the Islamic Revolution (from the Pahlavi Dynasty to the Islamic Republic) translated by Mojtaba Attarzadeh, Tehran, Gam No Publishing. {In Persian}
Modir Shane Chi, M, (2000), Centralism and Underdevelopment in Contemporary Iran, Tehran, Rasa Institute of Cultural Services. {In Persian}
Mortaji, H, (1998), Political Factions in Iran Today, Tehran, Nashr and Negar Publications. {In Persian}
Nabavi, M, et al. (2016), Iran's economic flow after the Islamic revolution, Tehran, Noor elm Publishing. {In Persian}
Namazi, B, (2002), Survey of People's Organizations in the Islamic Republic, translated by Shahla Akhtari, Tehran, Municipal Organization Publications. {In Persian}
Nowzari, H and Karimi, A (2011), “Examining the meaning audcocept of development after the Iranian revolution from the perspective of discourse analysis”, Sociogical Studies, Wolume 19, Number 1.
Parsons, T and Shils, E. A (1951), Toward a genral Theory of action, Theoretical Foundation for The Social Sciences. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Universtiy Press.
Pedram, M. (2003), Religious Enlightenment and Modernity in Iran after the Revolution, first edition, Tehran, Gam No Publishing. {In Persian}
Rabiei, A, (2006), Social crises today, Iranian Journal of Sociology, Volume 8, Number 3, Fall 2007. {In Persian}
Rafipour, F (2014), “Iran is reluctant to be destroyed”, Tehran: publishing Company. {In Persian}
Rajaee, Farhang (2002), Difficulty of today Iranian identity, Play a role in the era of one civizlation and Numbers of culture, Tehran, Ney Publication. {In Persian}
Rezaei, A. (1998), New Choice (Collection of Articles), Tehran, New Design. {In Persian}
Ritzer, G, (2001) Contemporary Sociological Theories, translated by Mohsen Talasi, fifth edition, Tehran, Scientific Publications. {In Persian}
Sabzeei, M.A, (2009), sociological analysis of the development of civil society in Iran, comparative analysis of the constitutional period with the period of the Islamic Revolution, Iranian Journal of Social Studies, summer 2010, volume 4, number 2. {In Persian}
Saei, A, (2013), comparative research method with quantitative, historical and fuzzy analysis approach, Tehran, Agah publishing house. {In Persian}
Sahabi, E, (2004), Unsaid Revolution and Fundamental National Debates, Tehran, Gam No Publishing. {In Persian}
Shadlou, A. (2006), information about the political parties and factions of Iran today, Tehran, Vozarah publication. {In Persian}
Shahram Nia, S.A, (2007), Globalization and Democracy in Iran, Tehran, Negah Maaser Publishing House. {In Persian}
Shojaei, N and Panahi, M. H (2016),” Comparative – Historical Analysis of Barriers to the Development of Participatory Political Institutions in Iran”, Sociological Studies, Volume 26, Number 2. {In Persian}
Tajik, M (2000), “A Secure Society in Khatami discourse”, Tehran: Ney Publishing House. {In Persian}
Zarifinia, H, (1999), Autopsy of Iran's Political Factions, Third Edition, Tehran, Azadi Andisheh Publications. {In Persian}