The impact of international relations theories on environmental convergence

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

PhD in Iranian issues, Department of Political Science, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Environmental changes in countries and the analysis of the situation in this area are one of the most important issues of the modern era; therefore, leaders of countries, politicians and environmental activists are trying to adopt solutions to improve the environmental situation of their countries. Using the documentary method, five important theories in international relations have been examined from the perspective of environmental issues, and in this way, a look has been taken at the existing fields for expanding cooperation between countries in this area; also, the two theories of realism and postmodernism have been compared with each other in a comparative manner. The results of the research show that there are fundamental gaps in the field of environmental theorizing with a foreign policy approach; while in order to form a desirable theory, that is, a theory that can achieve the conditions for the expansion of convergence, the environment needs to be recognized as an important and determining factor in the field of macro-international policymaking.

Keywords


Bapat, Jyotsna (2008). Development Projects and Critical Theory of Environment. California: SAGE Publications.
Baylis, John & Smith, Steve (2016). The Globalization of World Politics. Translation by: Abolghasem Chamani. Tehran: International Studies & Research Institute. [In Persian]
Burkett, Paul (1999). Marx and Nature: A Red and Green Perspective. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Carter, Neil (2007). The Politics of the Environment: Ideas, Activism, Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Foster, John Bellamy (2001). Marx's Ecology: Materialism and Nature. New York: Monthly Review Press.
Ghavam, Abdolali (2018). International Relations Theories & Approaches. Tehran: SAMT Publication. [In Persian]
Ghavam, S. A. (2005). Green politics and international environmental approach. Public Law Researsh, 7(14), 7-21. [In Persian]
Greene, Malory and Rowlands, Ian (1992). Global Environmental Change and International Relations. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hendrickson, D.C. The Lion and the Lamb: Realism and Liberalism Reconsidered. World Policy Journal. 2003: 93 - 102.
Heywood, Andrew (2000). Key Concepts in Politics. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Homer Dixon, Thomas (1999). Environment, Scarcity, and Violence. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. 
Jackson, Robert. H & Sorensen, Georg (2004). Introduction to International Relations. Translation by: Mehdi Zakeriyan. Tehran: Mizan Publication. [In Persian]
Laferriere, Eric and Stoett. Peter J (1999). International Relations Theory and Ecological Thought: Towards a Synthesis. London: Routledge Publication.
Luke, Brian (1997). A Critical Analysis of Hunter's Ethics. Environmental Ethics. 19(1):  25 – 44.
Lutherbacher, Urs and Sprinz, Detlef (2001). International Relations and Global Climate Change. Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
Morgenthau, Hans J (1948). Politics among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace. New York: Alfred A. Knopf Publishing.
Perilore, N. Patrick (1999). Third World Environment. Florida: Florida University Press.
Smil, Vaclav (1993). Global Ecology: Environmental Change and Social Flexibility. London: Routledge Publication.
Stewart, D. & M. Kamis. (1984). Secondary Research: Information Sources and Methods. New York:  SAGE Publications.