The paradigmatic comparison of the roles of the Fatah and Hamas movements in the realization of the Palestinian cause

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Political Science, Department of Political Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Political Science, Faculty of Law, Political Science, and History, University of Yazd, Yazd, Iran

10.22124/wp.2026.31319.3563

Abstract

Following the establishment of a Jewish state in the heart of the Islamic world in 1948, various political and ideological movements emerged across the Muslim world, developing different responses to the Palestinian issue. Examining these movements and their seven-decade struggle for Palestinian self-determination is essential for understanding the trajectories and implications of this conflict. This study focuses on two major movements—Fatah, with its Palestinian nationalist orientation, and Hamas, representing resistance-based political Islam—and analyzes their respective roles within a paradigmatic analytical framework. It addresses the central research question: “What roles have Fatah and Hamas played in realizing the Palestinian aspiration?” Drawing on documentary data and a comparative research method, the study demonstrates significant differences between the two movements, rooted in their distinct ideological foundations, formation processes, and historical circumstances. These divergent approaches provide important insights for understanding the Palestinian struggle and invite further critical reflection on strategies for realizing Palestinian rights.

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