تحلیل زبانشناختی شخصیت سیاستمداران: مطالعة موردی دونالد ترامپ

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

تحلیل شخصیت­های سیاسی و درک محیطی که در آن به قدرت رسیده­اند، یکی از محورهای اصلی تحلیل­های حوزه زبان­شناسی سیاسی است. اهمیت این بحث در رابطه با مطالعه شخصیت­های پوپولیست در این است که قدرت­یابی پوپولیسم ملی‌گرا به‌دلیل داشتن پیشینه­ای خشونت­بار، می‌تواند ترسی غیر ارادی را در ما زنده کند. ترسی که با پیروزی دونالد جان ترامپ در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری 2016 ایالات متحده امریکا، سر بر آورد و یادآور خاطرات نسل فراموش شده رهبرانی شد که با سخنرانی‌های آتشین و شعارهای پوپولیستی، طبقات مختلف اجتماعی را برای تسخیر دنیا تهییج کردند. حال با گذر شخصیت ترامپ از دوران نامزدی به دوران تصدی پست ریاست جمهوری ایالات متحده آمریکا، می‌توانیم از ثبات برخی از تکنیک‌های سخنرانی وی درکی روشمند پیدا کنیم و بیش از گذشته بتوانیم آن را تحلیل کنیم. پرسش اصلی این است که چگونه می­توان رفتار ترامپ را از طریق منطق زبان‌شناختی- بلاغی و تکنیک های مندرج در آن درک، تحلیل و پیش‌بینی کرد؟ صرف‌نظر از میزان موفقیت ترامپ در رسیدن به اهدافش، او چندین تکنیک و تاکتیک خاص را برای القای مفاهیم موردنظرش به کار می­گیرد که منحصر به زمان رای جمع کردن وی نیست. بدین منظور، ده‌ها سخنرانی و مقاله‌ برای پیدا کردن ظرافت‌های هدفمند در کلام ترامپ، این فروشنده‌ی قهار واژه‌ها، بررسی شده است. هدف اصلی مقاله حاضر ارائه تحلیلی زبان­شناختی از ادبیات و محتوای سخنان ترامپ و فهم­پذیر کردن برخی از ویژگی­های شخصیتی او است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Linguistic Analysis and Possibility of Analyzing the Character of Politicians: Case study: Donald Trump

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali aashraf nazari 1
  • Amir Mollaee Mozaffari 2
1 Tehran University
2 Master's Degree Student of Political Science, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

The empowerment of nationalist populism, because of its violent background, can evoke an uncontrollable fear in us. This fear re-emerged with the victory of Donald John Trump in the US presidential election of 2016 and reminded the memories of the forgotten generation of leaders who, with fiery speeches and populist slogans, stirred up various social classes to conquer the world. Now with the transition of Trump's personality from the time of the campaign to his tenure as president of the United States, we can be more confident in the stability of some of his speech techniques and can analyze it even further. The main question is how can we understand, analyze, and predict Trump's behavior through linguistic-rhetorical reasoning and its methods? Regardless of how successful Trump is in achieving his goals, he employs a number of special techniques and tactics for inculcating his concepts that are not limited to the time of securing votes, and one can expect him to employ them again in meetings with political leaders and people of the other countries. Therefore, dozens of lectures and articles have been scrutinized to find the purposeful delicacies in Trump’s wordings, this master salesman of words. The main purpose of the present article is to provide a better understanding of the literature and content of Trump’s speeches and to make some of his personality traits comprehensible.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Donald Trump
  • Populism
  • Character
  • Linguistics
  • Nationalism

مراجع

 
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