بررسی تطبیقی قدرت نرم روسیه و آمریکا در قفقاز جنوبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه اصفهان

2 دانشگاه اصفهان- دانشجو

3 دانشجو

چکیده

در عصر جهانی شدن، قدرت نرم همگام با قدرت سخت در تامین منافع ملی کشورها تاثیر گذار است. ماحصل ترکیب این دو نوع قدرت بر اساس نظریه جوزف نای قدرت هوشمند است. لذا روسیه و آمریکا ضمن رقابت های سخت افزاری، در حوزه قدرت نرم نیز رقیب محسوب می گردند. رقابت مذکور اگرچه منحصر به ناحیه ای خاص نمی گردد اما در مناطق ژئواستراتژیکی چون قفقاز جنوبی حائز اهمیتی دوچندان است. زیرا با گسترش نفوذ نرم امکان بهره برداری بلند مدت از منافع سیاسی و اقتصادی برای قدرت های بزرگ آسان تر خواهد شد. با چنین وصفی، بدیهی است که روسیه و آمریکا در صدد اعمال قدرت نرم خویش در قفقاز باشند. مقاله پیش رو با استفاده از روش مقایسه ای به این سئوالات پاسخ می دهد که مسکو و واشنگتن جهت اعمال قدرت نرم خود در قفقاز جنوبی از چه ابزارهای استفاده می کنند؟ و چه تفاوت ها و شباهتهایی با یکدیگر دارند؟ برای پاسخ به این پرسش ها از نظریه قدرت نرم جوزف نای استفاده شده است. یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد که «قدرت نرم آمریکا دارای عناصر سیاسی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی با ابعاد جهانی است ولی قدرت نرم روسیه بیشتر دارای ابعاد فرهنگی-تاریخی و با شعاع منطقه ای است. قدرت نرم در آمریکا صبغه مدنی داشته، ولی در روسیه بیشتر ماهیت دولتی دارد.» لذا نحوه اعمال قدرت نرم این دو کشور در قفقاز جنوبی متفاوت است. روش گردآوری داده ها در  این مقاله به صورت منابع کتابخانه ای و اسنادی است

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparative Analysis of USA and Russia's Soft Power in the South Caucasus

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Omidi 1
  • Ehsan Falahi 2
  • tayebe barkhordari naghani 3
1 گروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه اصفهان
3 student
چکیده [English]

In the age of Globalization Soft power has an Equals important like as Hard Power. According to Joseph Nye''''s Theory, the result of Hard and soft Power Combination is Smart Power. So Russia and USA along with hardware competition, are rivals in the field of soft power. Although mentioned Competition dose not limited to the Specific Area But it has Double Importance in the Geopolitical Zone like South Caucasus Because by Soft influence Exploitation of long standing interests become Easier. According to Russia and USA tries to Apply their soft power in south Caucasus. Present article Answers the following Question; What these Moscow and Washington''''s tools to apply their soft power in the South Caucasus? And what are the differences and similarities with each other? To Answer these Question we use the Joseph Nye''''s Soft Power Theory. The result of this research indicate that "USA Soft power has political, Cultural and Economical Elements with Universal Dimension But Russia''''s Soft Power has more Historical- Cultural Dimension with Regional range. The soft power in the United States has a civilian background, but in Russia it has a more governmental character." So the manner of Applying the soft power in south Caucasus is Different. The present study was conducted by using library and internet resources

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soft Power
  • Foreign Policy
  • Russia
  • USA
  • South Caucasus

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