بررسی مقایسه ای منطقه گرایی در آسه آن و شورا ی همکاری خلیج فارس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مطالعات منطقه ای، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران

2 عضو هیات علمی دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

منطقه‌گرایی به‌عنوان پدیده‌ای نسبتاً جدید بعد از جنگ جهانی دوم پا گرفت و به‌تدریج در بخش‌های مختلف جهان گسترش یافت. این پدیده اکنون در مرحله اوج خود به سر می‌برد و کشورهای مناطق مختلف را با اهداف گوناگون به هم نزدیک کرده است. دلایل مختلف سیاسی، اقتصادی، امنیتی را می توان برای اتخاذ آن به‌عنوان سیاست آگاهانه کشورها ذکر کرد. دو مورد از روندهای منطقه‌گرایی در جهان، منطقه‌گرایی کشورهای آسیای جنوب شرقی و تأسیس آسه آن و منطقه‌گرایی کشورهای حوزه خلیج‌فارس و تأسیس شورای همکاری خلیج‌فارس است. مقاله حاضر در پی پاسخگویی به این سؤال است که اهداف شکل‌گیری و روند توسعه همگرایی منطقه‌ای در دو سازمان آسه آن و شورای همکاری خلیج‌فارس چگونه بوده و چه مشابهت‌ها و تفاوت‌های بین آن‌ها وجود دارد؟ فرضیه مقاله بر این استدلال تکیه دارد که دو سازمان آسه آن و شورای همکاری خلیج‌فارس ازنظر مبانی و اهداف شکل‌گیری مشترک و تحت تأثیر تهدید خارجی یعنی با نگاهی از بیرون به درون شکل گرفتند، اما مسیر همگرایی متفاوتی را پیمودند، به‌نحوی‌که آسه آن در حال حاضر نهادی با در اولویت قرار دادن اقتصاد و شورای همکاری خلیج‌فارس سازمانی با اولویت قرار دادن مسائل سیاسی-امنیتی است. بر این اساس یافته‌های مقاله نشان می‌دهد که می‌توان آسه آن را نمونه گذار از منطقه‌گرایی محدود و واقع-گرایانه به منطقه‌گرایی جدید با جنبه‌های لیبرالیسم ذکر کرد و شورای همکاری خلیج‌فارس نیز جنبه‌های لیبرالیسم و اقتصاد بازاری را پذیرفته است، اما برای این سازمان به دلیل هراس از بقاء خود همچنان مسائل سیاسی-امنیتی در اولویت هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparative Study of Regionalism in ASEAN and the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Ramezani 1
  • ALI Sabbaghian 2
1 regional Studies, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran, Tehran
2 Member of Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

Regionalism emerged as a relatively new phenomenon after World War II and gradually spread to different parts of the world. This phenomenon is now at its peak and has brought the countries of different regions closer together for various purposes. Various political, economic, and security reasons can be cited as the conscious policies of countries. Two of the trends in regionalism in the world are the regionalism of Southeast Asian countries and the establishment of ASEAN and the regionalism of the Persian Gulf states and the establishment of the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council. The present paper seeks to answer the question of what are the goals of the formation and development of regional convergence in the two organizations of ASEAN and the PGCC, and what are the similarities and differences between them? Using descriptive-analytical methods the article argues that the two regional organizations both were formed in response to an external threat, from the outside-in perspective. However, over time, ASEAN was able not only to maintain its original function, but also to extend its scope from a military-security organization to other areas such as economic, cultural, and social. ASEAN has been more successful in expanding its functions, and this move can be attributed to the transition from limited and realistic regionalism to new regionalism with aspects of liberalism. The PGCC has also embraced aspects of liberalism and market economics, but political-security issues remain a priority for the organization.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • ASEAN
  • Liberalism
  • Persian Gulf Cooperation Council
  • Realism
  • Regionalism

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سیاست جهانی
دوره 9، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 31
اردیبهشت 1399
صفحه 189-226

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