فرصت ها و تهدیدات ارزهای دیجیتال برای کنشگران و دولت ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

عضو هیات علمی، رئیس گروه جزا و جرم شناسی دانشگاه علوم قضایی و خدمات اداری

چکیده

مسئله شناخت رمزارزها با توسعه فناوری نوظهور بلاک‌چین و گسترش روز افزون تقاضا برای ارزهای دیجیتال، به بحثی مهم در میان متخصصان بسیاری از رشته‌ها بدل شده است. این نوع جدید از پول که پیش بینی می‌شود به ارز رایج قرن 21 تبدیل شود، به صورت کدهای رمزنگاری شده بین افراد یا موسسات متصل به شبکه های همتا به همتا، حرکت می کند. فناوری بلاک‌چین نیز نقش عمده‌ای در فرایند توسعه این نوع از ارز و معاملات غیر متمرکز آن دارد. ارزهای رمزنگاری شده در عصر حاضر در خط مقدم توسعه اقتصادی و مالی جهان قرار دارند. این امر، فرصت ها و تهدیدات متعددی را در بازارهای مالی سراسر جهان، به وجود آورده و سبب جلب توجه شمار قابل توجهی از دولت‌ها، فعالان اقتصادی و شهروندان به خود شده است. بر همین اساس، تعداد بازیگران درگیر در تجارت ارزهای رمزپایه در سال‌های اخیر، افزایش چشمگیری یافته است.در این نوشتار، تلاش بر آن است که عملکرد ارزهای رمزنگاری شده، تأثیر آن بر اقتصاد و تهیدیدات و فرصت‌های توسعه این فناوری با مطالعه تجربه سه کشور حوزه شرق آسیا که از پیشگامان این عرصه هستند، به شیوه توصیفی تحلیلی مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. پژوهش حاضر، به جهت بدیع بودن و تازگی این حوزه مطالعاتی، به دو بخش توصیفی و تبیینی تقسیم می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Opportunities and threats of cryptocurrencies

نویسنده [English]

  • naser ghasemi
University of Judicial Sciences and Administrative Services
چکیده [English]

The issue of recognizing cryptocurrencies has become an important topic of discussion among experts in many disciplines with the development of emerging blockchain technology and the growing demand for digital currencies. This new type of money, which is expected to become the common currency of the 21st century, moves in the form of encrypted codes between individuals or entities connected to peer-to-peer networks. Blockchain technology also plays a major role in the development process of this type of currency and its decentralized transactions. Cryptocurrencies are at the forefront of world economic and financial development today. This has created numerous opportunities and threats in financial markets around the world and has attracted the attention of a significant number of governments, economic actors, and citizens. Accordingly, the number of actors involved in the cryptocurrency trade has increased dramatically in recent years. In this paper, an attempt is made to examine the performance of cryptocurrencies, their impact on the economy, and the threats and opportunities for the development of this technology by studying the experience of three East Asian countries in a descriptive-analytical manner that are pioneers in this field. Due to the novelty of this field of study, the present study is divided into descriptive and explanatory sections.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cryptocurrency
  • digital currency
  • blockchain
  • digital economy
  • governance

مراجع

 
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Nica, O., Piotrowska, K., & Schenk-Hoppé, K. R. (2017). "Cryptocurrencies". University of Manchester, FinTech working paper, 6.
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Singapore Payment Services Act . (2019). In Section 5 and 6. Singapore: Singapore Government.
Slattery, T. (2014). "Taking a Bit out of Crime: Bitcoin and Cross-Border Tax Evasion". Brooklyn Journal of International Law, 829-873.
Soh, A., & Tham, F. S. (2020, January 15). "Why Singapore Has Become Asia's Cryptocurrency And Blockchain Hub". Retrieved May 12, 2020, from mondaq: https://www.mondaq.com/fin-tech/883798/why-singapore-has-become-asia39s-cryptocurrency-and-blockchain-hub
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