روند مواجهه آمریکا و روسیه با تروریسم؛ از تقابل تا تعامل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روابط بین الملل دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران

2 استاد گروه روابط بین الملل دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران

3 دانشیار روابط بین الملل دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران

چکیده

واقعه‌ یازده سپتامبر و اهمیت یافتن بیش از پیش تروریسم، کشورها را وادار نمود که برخورد جدی با این مسأله و تهدید امنیتی داشته باشند. ایالات متحده آمریکا و روسیه به عنوان دو ابر قدرت در غرب و شرق نظام بین‌الملل همواره مواضع ضد تروریستی خود را اعلام نموده و اقدامات عملی فراوانی در جهت مقابله با تروریسم در سیاست خارجی و در مناطق تحت نفوذ خود اتخاذ نموده‌اند. بر این اساس، مقاله پیش رو، تلاشی در جهت تحلیل و بررسی رویکرد ضدتروریستی آمریکا و روسیه است و مقایسه استراتژی‌ و سیاست‌های ضد تروریستی این دو کشور هدف اصلی انجام این پژوهش می‌باشد. پژوهش حاضر با روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی به دنبال پاسخ به این سؤال است که «روند مواجهه آمریکا و روسیه با تروریسم و عملکرد ضد تروریستی آن‌ها در مناطق مختلف چگونه است و بر چه مبنایی استوار است؟« فرضیه پژوهش این است «آمریکا و روسیه به دلیل ادراکات متفاوت، رویکرد ضد تروریستی یکسانی ندارند و در زمینه‌ی اتخاذ استراتژی‌ و سیاست‌های منطقه‌ای برای مبارزه با تروریسم اختلافات زیادی در مواضع راهبردی دو کشور وجود دارد». روش جمع‌آوری داده‌ها نیز منابع کتابخانه‌ای و اینترنتی و ارزیابی اسناد امنیت ملی آمریکا و روسیه می‌باشد. یافته‌های تحقیق حاکی از آن است که به دلیل ماهیت هرمنوتیکی و پویای تروریسم، روسیه و آمریکا تعریف و درک یکسانی از این پدیده ندارند و در تعیین مصادیق تروریسم و نحوه‌ی مواجهه با آن اختلاف دیدگاه دارند. همچنین بر مبنای این ادراکات متفاوت، اولویت‌های منطقه‌ای متفاوتی نیز دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The process of confronting America and Russia with terrorism; From confrontation to interaction

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leila Morovati 1
  • Arsalan Ghorbani Sheikhneshin 2
  • Ali Monavari 3
1 PhD student in International Relations, Kharazmi University, Tehran
2 Professor of International Relations, , Khwarazmi University, Tehran
3 Associate Professor of International Relations, Kharazmi University, Tehran
چکیده [English]

The September 11 incident and the importance of terrorism forced countries to deal seriously with this issue and security threat. The United States of America and Russia, as two superpowers in the west and east of the international system, have always announced their anti-terrorist positions and have taken many practical measures to deal with terrorism in foreign policy and in the areas under their influence. Based on this, the upcoming article is an attempt to analyze and investigate the anti-terrorist approach of America and Russia, and comparing the anti-terrorist strategies and policies of these two countries is the main goal of this research. The present study, with descriptive-analytical method, seeks to answer the question, "What is the process of the US and Russia facing terrorism and their anti-terrorist performance in different regions, and on what basis is it based?" "The hypothesis of the research is that "America and Russia do not have the same anti-terrorist approach due to different perceptions, and there are many differences in the strategic positions of the two countries in the field of adopting regional strategies and policies to fight terrorism". The method of data collection is library and internet sources and evaluation of American and Russian national security documents.The findings of the research indicate that due to the hermeneutic and dynamic nature of terrorism, Russia and the United States do not have the same definition and understanding of this phenomenon, and they differ in determining the examples of terrorism and how to deal with it

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • America
  • Russia
  • September 11
  • fight against terrorism
  • regional politics

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