تبیین مصادیق اثرگذاری فرهنگی ایران در آداب و رسوم سلجوقیان آناتولی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه تاریخ ، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، واحد تهران مرکز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه تاریخ، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، واحد تهران مرکز، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، تهران ،ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه تاریخ ایران، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران،ایران.

چکیده

ایجاد و توسعه دولت سلجوقیان روم در گستره جغرافیایی آسیای صغیر و آناتولی علاوه بر این که به عنوان پایگاه جدید قدرت و رفاه شناخته می‌شد، بلکه به عنوان کانون تحولات فرهنگی مطرح شد که در آن رواج محسوس عنصر ایرانی بیش از همه جلب نظر می‌کرد. مساله اساسی در تحقیق حاضر بررسی ابعاد، مؤلفه‌ها، چگونگی و پیامدهای تأثیر فرهنگ ایرانی بر آداب و رسوم آسیای صغیر است. نگارنده با استفاده از روش تاریخی با رویکرد توصیفی و تحلیلی، به بررسی منابع و آگاهیات موجود پرداخته و حتی الامکان سعی نموده است منابع تحقیقی و پژوهش‌های صورت گرفته را با منابع اصلی مقایسه کند و در صورت وجود اختلاف، به بررسی و نقد آنها بپردازد. نتایج و یافته‌های پژوهش گویای این است که از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش آداب و رﺳﻮم اﻳﺮاﻧﻰ راﻳﺞ در آﻧﺎﺗﻮﻟﻰ دوره ﺳﻠﺠﻮﻗﻴﺎن روم ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ اﻳﺮاﻧﻴﺎن، اﻳﺠﺎد اﺗﺤﺎد ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮدم، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در اداره ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺖ، ﺗﺤﻜﻴﻢ ﻫﻮﻳﺖ اﻳﺮاﻧﻰ و ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ از ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ اﻳﺮاﻧﻰ - اﺳﻼﻣﻰ می‌باشد.ایرانیان به همراه خود فرهنگ، آداب و رسوم و نشانه‌های بارزی از علم و هنر و عرفان رایج در ایران عصر سلجوقی را رواج دادند و آثار علمی، هنری ، ادبی و عرفانی بسیاری را خلق نمودند. در این میان تعامل میان ایرانیان و حاکمان سلجوقی روم و شرایط مناسب فراهم شده توسط آنان نیز، زمینه را برای رشد و شکوفایی فرهنگ ایرانی ایجاد کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing examples of Iran's cultural impact on Anatolian Seljuk customs

نویسندگان [English]

  • hava khatoon talesh ashori 1
  • Mehrnaz behroozi 2
  • amir teymoor rafiei 3
1 PhD student, Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Humanities,central Tehran Branch,Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Iranian History Department, Faculty of Humanities, Research Sciences Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The establishment and development of the Roman Seljuk state in the geographical area of Asia Minor and Anatolia, in addition to being known as a new base of power and prosperity, but also as a center of cultural developments, in which the perceptible spread of the Iranian element attracted the most attention. The main issue in the current research is to investigate the dimensions, components, manner and consequences of the influence of Iranian culture on the customs and traditions of Asia Minor. Using the historical method with a descriptive and analytical approach, the author has investigated the available sources and knowledge and has even tried to compare the research sources and researches with the main sources and if there is a difference, he has investigated and criticized them. The results and findings of the research show that one of the important factors of the spread of Iranian customs in Anatolia during the Roman Seljuk period is the development of Iranian culture, the creation of a union between people, its use in government administration, the strengthening of Iranian identity, and the support of Iranian-Islamic culture. Iranians along with their culture, customs and prominent signs of science, art and mysticism common in Seljuk era Iran and created many scientific, artistic, literary and mystical works. In the meantime, the interaction between Iranians and the Seljuk rulers of Rome and the suitable conditions provided by them also created the ground for the growth and flourishing of Iranian culture.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Customs
  • Roman Seljuks
  • Anatolia
  • Iranian culture
  • mutual influence
Abnathir, A.O (1972).Al-Kamel, translated by Abu al-Qasim Halet, Tehran: Al-Alami Publications. [In Persian]
Aflak, Sh. A (1983). Manaqb al-Arifin, edited by Tahsin Yaziji, Tehran: Denyai Kitab. [In Persian]
Akbari, A, (2014), Factors of Seljuqs' attention to ancient celebrations and traditions, Tarikh Research Paper, Volume 10, Number 40. [In Persian]
Aqsarai, M. M (1983). Tarikh Selajqa or Masaira al-Akhbar and Masaira al-Akhyar, under the care and correction of Othman Toran, Tehran: Asatir. [In Persian]
B- Articles and theses
Bahar, M (1997), A Research in Iranian Mythology, Tehran: Aghat Publications. [In Persian]
Beyhaqi, A. M (2017), History of Beyhaqi, Editor: Ali Akbar Fayaz, Tehran: Hermes Book Publishing. [In Persian]
Bosworth, K. D (2001), Seljuqians, translated by: Yaqoub Azhand, Tehran: Moli Publications. [In Persian]
Boyce, M, (2002), Zoroastrians; Their religious beliefs and customs, translated by Askar Bahrami, Tehran: Qaqnoos Publications. [In Persian]
Brige, john kingly, (1965), The Bokashi Order of Dervishes, Lubac & cold., London
Estrabadi, A. A, (1928). Bazm and Razm, by the efforts of Mohammad Fouad Koporlu, Istanbul, Awqaf Press, C. [In Persian]
Ferdowsi, Abulqasem, (2000), Shahnameh, by the efforts of Nahid Shadmehr, Tehran: Nashr Mohammad. [In Persian]
Gulpinarli, Abdul Baqi, (1999), Maulviyeh after Rumi, translated by Tawfiq Sobhani, Tehran: Rozhan. [In Persian]
Haji Khalifa, M (1998), Kashf Al-Dhanun on the Names of Al-Kitab and Al-Funun, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr. [In Persian]
Hiland, Eriksen; Sievert Nielsen, Fin, (2016), History of Anthropology from the Beginning to Today, Translation: Ali Blokbashi, Tehran: Golazin Publishing. [In Persian]
Ibn Bibi, H (1957). AD, Al-Awamer al-Alaniyyah fi al-Amour al-Alaniyyah, by the effort of Najati Lugal and Adnan Sadiq Arzi, Ankara. [In Persian]
Ibn Khaldoun, A. R, (1970). Al-Abar, translated by Abdul Mohammad Aiti, Tehran: Institute of Cultural Studies and Research. [In Persian]
Inostrantsov, Konstantin, 1348, Studies about the Sasanians, translated by Kazem Kazemzadeh, Tehran: Translation and Publishing Company. [In Persian]
Jahiz, A. O (1924), Taj, translated by Mohammad Ali Khalili, Tehran: Ibn Sina Publications. [In Persian]
Joyni, A (1993). History of Jahangashai, 4th chapter, Tehran: Arghvan. [In Persian]
Kabati, Mohammad Ibn Shakir, Bita, Fuat al-Wafiyat and al-Dhail aliha, researched by Ehsan Abbas, Beirut: Dar Sadir. [In Persian]
Kermani, Abbas, (2008), investigation of Iranian customs and its sources in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, PhD thesis, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. [In Persian]
Kermani, Ohaddin, (1968), Manaqib Ohaddin, by the efforts of Badiul Zaman Forozanfar, Tehran: Book Translation and Publishing Company. [In Persian]
Khayyam Neishabouri, O (1978), Nowruz Nameh, by Ali Hesoori, Tehran: Tahori Publishing. [In Persian]
Kristen Sen, Arthur, (2013), Iran during the Sasanian era, translated by Rashid Yasmi, Tehran: Nagaristan Kitab. [In Persian]
Massion, Louie, B. Ta., Ghosh Zendgi Mansour Hallaj, translated by Rovan Farhadi, Tehran: Manouchehri Library. [In Persian]
Mazdapour, Katayoun, (1991), Prayer for the departed, Soroush Pirmaghan, Tehran: Soraya Publications. [In Persian]
Multawi, Mohammad Ben Ghazi, (1938), Rouzah al-Aqool, by Henry Masse, Paris: Society for Research on Sciences and Industries of Iran. [In Persian]
Nabai, Abolfazl, (1978), Nasi and its sanctity in Islam, Journal of Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences of Mashhad University, year 4, number 1. [In Persian]
Nabai, Abolfazl, (1982), Iranian Nowruz in the Islamic calendar, Journal of Mashhad College of Literature and Humanities, year 15, number 4. [In Persian]
Naqvi, Naqib, (2006), Nowruz, A magnificent memory of the days of Jamshid, Shahnameh Pajohuhi, Mashhad: Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Publications. [In Persian]
Oak, AhmetYasar, (1996), Turk soiling Bacillar, Istanbul.
Pisasale, asik, (1941),Trihi, Istanbul, Gregg International publishers, LTD. England
Qabadiani, Nasser Khosrow (2006). Diwan of poems. Tehran: Alam. [In Persian]
Rabbani, Zahra, (2013), researching the role of elites in the spread of Iranian culture in Anatolia during the Roman Seljuk period, doctoral dissertation, Al-Zahra University. [In Persian]
Rawandi, M (1984). Rahe al-Sadour and Aye al-Sarour, edited by Mohammad Iqbal and Havashi Mojtabi Minoy, Tehran: Amir Kabir. [In Persian]
Riahi, M. A, (1971). The influence of Persian language and literature in the Ottoman Empire, Tehran: Amir Kabir. [In Persian]
Rooh Al-Amini, Mahmoud, (2011), A Tour of the Light in the Basics of Anthropology, Tehran: Attar Publishing House. [In Persian]
Rusta, Jamshid, (2010), searching for the roots of mysticism, Sufism and dervish traditions in Asia Minor (Anatolia), Parse magazine, No. 13 and 14. [In Persian]
Sadr Qonavi, Abu Bakr bin Zaki Mottabb, (1970), Rouzah al-Katab and Hadiqah al-Albab, with the effort of Mirudoud Seyyed Yunsi, Tabriz: Institute of History and Culture of Iran. [In Persian]
Shimel, Anne-Marie, (1998), Mystical Dimensions of Islam, translated by Abdol Rahim Toshet, Tehran: Farhang Islamic Publishing House. [In Persian]
Zarin Koob, Abdul Hossein, (1990), Searching in Sufism, Tehran: Amir Kabir. [In Persian]
Zidan, Jerji, (1993), History of Islamic Civilization, translated by Ali Javaher Kalam, Tehran: Amir Kabir. [In Persian]