گذار چین از کشور غیرمسئول به مسئول: مطالعۀ موردی، کاهش دی اکسید کربن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روابط بین الملل،گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین الملل، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار روابط بین الملل، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

4 دانشیار روابط بین الملل، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

چین به‌عنوان بزرگ‌ترین تولیدکنندۀ گازهای گلخانه‌ای جهان قصد دارد تا 2060 مصرف سوخت‌های فسیلی را به صفر برساند. این رفتار از سوی چین اندکی غیرمنتظره به نظر می‌رسد چراکه این کشور معمولاً رشد اقتصادی را که در پرتوی مصرف سوخت‌های فسیلی حاصل می‌شود بر موضوعاتی نظیر حفظ محیط‌زیست ترجیح می‌دهد؛ بنابراین این سؤال مطرح می‌شود که اساساً چه عامل یا عواملی باعث شده است چین به سمت رعایت هنجارهای بین‌المللی ازجمله پیمان آب‌وهوایی پاریس پیش رود؟ فرضیه مقاله که به روش توصیفی-تحلیلی بررسی شده آن است که اگرچه ممکن است عوامل مختلفی در تمایل چین به حفظ محیط‌زیست و پایبندی به توافقنامه‌های زیست‌محیطی دخیل باشد اما تلاش چین برای کسب موقعیت هژمون در نظام بین‌الملل یک عامل مهم است. چین برای نیل به این موقعیت در تلاش است تا یک تصویر مثبت از خود در جهان به‌عنوان یک بازیگر مسئول به نمایش بگذارد و بدین طریق برای خود کسب اعتبار کرده و نگاه جامعه جهانی را به خود معطوف نماید. یافته‌های پژوهش نیز نشان داد پکن با تبعیت از این دیدگاه که رعایت هنجارهای بین‌المللی می‌تواند به کسب موقعیت هژمونی کمک کند قصد دارد با پیوستن به پروتکل‌های زیست‌محیطی، تصویری مثبت از خود بروز داده و توجه کشورها را برای کسب نقش رهبری جهان به خود معطوف نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

China's Transition from an Irresponsible to a Responsible Country: A Case Study of Carbon Dioxide Reduction

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azita Salehi 1
  • Nozar Shafeei 2
  • Shahrooz Ebrahimi 3
  • Saeed Vosoughi 4
1 PhD Student, in International Relations., Faculty of administrative sciences and economy, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2 Associated Professor, Dep. of Political sciences, faculty of law and political sciences, university of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 associated professor in International Relations, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economy, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
4 Associated Professor, International Relations, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economy, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

As the largest greenhouse gases producer of the world, China decides to reduce fossil fuel consumption to zero by 2060. This behavior on the part of China seems a little unexpected because this country usually prefers the economic growth achieved in the light of fossil fuel consumption over issues such as environmental protection. Therefore, the question is raised, basically, what factor or factors have made China move towards complying with international norms, including the Paris Climate Agreement? The hypothesis of the article, which has been examined in a descriptive-analytical way, is that although various factors may be involved in China's desire to preserve the environment and adhere to environmental agreements, China's effort to gain a hegemonic position in the international system is an important factor. In order to achieve this position, China is trying to show a positive image of itself in the world as a responsible actor and in this way, gain credit for itself and direct the attention of the world community to itself. The findings of the research also showed that Beijing, following the point of view that compliance with international norms can help to gain a hegemonic position, intends to show a positive image of itself by joining the environmental protocols and draw the attention of countries to gain the role of world leadership.
As the largest greenhouse gases producer of the world, China decides to reduce fossil fuel consumption to zero by 2060. This behavior on the part of China seems a little unexpected because this country usually prefers the economic growth achieved in the light of fossil fuel consumption over issues such as environmental protection. Therefore, the question is raised, basically, what factor or factors have made China move towards complying with international norms, including the Paris Climate Agreement? The hypothesis of the article, which has been examined in a descriptive-analytical way, is that although various factors may be involved in China's desire to preserve the environment and adhere to environmental agreements, China's effort to gain a hegemonic position in the international system is an important factor. In order to achieve this position, China is trying to show a positive image of itself in the world as a responsible actor and in this way, gain credit for itself and direct the attention of the world community to itself. The findings of the research also showed that Beijing, following the point of view that compliance with international norms can help to gain a hegemonic position, intends to show a positive image of itself by joining the environmental protocols and draw the attention of countries to gain the role of world leadership.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hegemonic position
  • climate change
  • responsible actor
  • role theory
  • China's climate policies

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