اختلاف بریتانیا و ایسلند بر سر منابع نفتی دریای شمال و تأثیر آن برصلح پایدار در اقیانوس اطلس شمالی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشجوی دکتری مطالعات بریتانیا، دانشکده مطالعات جهان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

اختلاف بریتانیا و ایسلند بر سر منابع نفتی حوضه هاتون-راک‌آل در دریای شمال نمونه‌ای از مناقشات پیچیده منابع دریایی است که هم‌زمان ابعاد حقوقی، زیست‌محیطی، سیاسی و ژئوپلیتیکی را در بر گرفته و پرسش‌هایی درباره عدالت در تقسیم منابع و امکان دستیابی به صلح پایدار در اقیانوس اطلس شمالی مطرح می‌کند. این پژوهش با بهره‌گیری از روش تحلیل محتوای اسنادی و چارچوب نظری تلفیقی شامل ژئوپلیتیک کلاسیک، صلح مثبت و هیدروپلیتیک، به بررسی این موضوع می‌پردازد که چه عواملی تنش‌ها را تشدید کرده و چه سازوکارهایی می‌تواند آن‌ها را به همکاری تبدیل کند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که ادعاهای گسترده ایسلند بیش از آن‌که مبتنی بر اصول حقوقی باشند، ریشه در ملاحظات ژئوپلیتیکی و امنیت اقتصادی دارند به نحوی که تغییرات اقلیمی با کاهش منابع ماهیگیری و دشوار شدن اکتشاف نفت رقابت را افزایش داده و نبود تعهد کامل به نهادهای بین‌المللی مانند کمیسیون تحدید حدود فلات قاره‌ای مانع حل اختلاف شده است. یافته‌ها تأیید می‌کنند که تحقق صلح پایدار نیازمند رویکردی چندجانبه، تلفیق تعهدات زیست‌محیطی و بهره‌گیری از فناوری‌های نوین برای تعیین مرزهاست. علاوه بر این، پژوهش حاضر الگویی تحلیلی در اختیار سیاست‌گذاران ایرانی قرار می‌دهد تا از تجربیات اقیانوس اطلس در مدیریت مناقشات مشابه دریای خزر بهره‌مند شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The dispute between Britain and Iceland over North Sea oil resources and its impact on lasting peace in the North Atlantic.

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohammad Samiei
PhD Candidate of British Studies, Faculty of World Studies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The dispute between the UK and Iceland over the Hatton–Rockall Basin highlights the complexity of maritime conflicts, which involve legal, environmental, political, and geopolitical factors. This study employs qualitative content analysis within a framework that combines geopolitics, positive peace, and hydro-politics to demonstrate that Iceland’s broad continental shelf claims are primarily driven by geopolitical and economic security concerns rather than legal grounds. Climate change intensifies competition by affecting fish stocks and offshore oil and gas exploration. Iceland’s delay in submitting a formal claim to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf has stalled negotiations. The research recommends renewed multilateral diplomacy under international mediation, incorporating environmental commitments into boundary agreements, and utilizing advanced technologies, such as AI-based marine mapping, to clarify boundaries. The findings also offer valuable lessons for Iranian policymakers in managing similar maritime disputes in the Caspian Sea.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Brexit
  • Climate change
  • Geopolitics
  • Hydro-politics

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