زمینه ها و عوامل ظهور داعش؛ داخلی، منطقه ای و بین المللی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم سیاسی، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران

2 نویسنده مسئول، گروه علوم سیاسی، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران.

3 گروه تاریخ، دانشگاه ولایت ایرانشهر، ایرانشهر، ایران.

10.22124/wp.2025.9708

چکیده

ظهور و ایجاد دولت اسلامی (داعش) به مثابه یکی از مهم ترین  تحولات به شکل اساسی بر پویایی های سیاسی مجموعه امنیتی خاورمیانه تاثیر گذار بوده است. به نظر می رسد که زمینه های ظهور داعش را نمی توان بر مبنای یک سطح تحلیل بررسی کرد بلکه مجموعه ای از عوامل  به هم پیوسته داخلی، منطقه ای و بین المللی در ظهور داعش نقش داشته است. در این راستا، با توجه به اهمیت موضوع، این پژوهش با یک رویکرد جامع به دنبال تبیین زمینه ها و عوامل تاثیر گذار در سطوح مختلف بر ظهور داعش در عصر پسا بهار عربی است. یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد که در سطح داخلی، عوامل سیاسی همچون فروپاشی ساختار سیاسی دولت عراق در عصر پسا صدام و منازعات فرقه ای و قومی،  و در سطح منطقه ای رقابت های قدرت میان بازیگران ، در سطح بین المللی ایجاد شبکه های فراملی از مهم ترین عوامل ظهور داعش محسوب می شوند. روش تحقیق در این پژووهش توصیفی- تحلیلی و بر مبنای روش کیفی و روش گردآوری داده ها منابع کتابخانه ای و اینترنتی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Contexts and Factors of the Emergence of ISIS: Domestic, Regional, and International

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Bakhtiari 1
  • Ahmad Reza Taheri 2
  • Maryam Pooya 3
1 Department of Political Science, ZAH.C., Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.
2 Corresponding Author, Department of Political Science, ZAH.C., Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.
3 Department of History, Velayat Iranshahr University, Iranshahr, Iran
چکیده [English]

The emergence and establishment of the Islamic State (ISIS) as one of the most significant developments in the contemporary Middle East has profoundly influenced the political dynamics of the region's security complex. It appears that the rise of ISIS cannot be adequately explained through a single level of analysis; rather, a combination of interconnected domestic, regional, and international factors contributed to its emergence. Given the significance of this issue, the present study adopts a comprehensive approach to examine the contexts and determinants that facilitated the rise of ISIS in the post-Arab Spring era. The findings indicate that, at the domestic level, political factors such as the collapse of Iraq's political structure in the post-Saddam era, along with sectarian and ethnic conflicts, played a crucial role in creating favorable conditions for the emergence of ISIS. At the regional level, power rivalries among regional actors intensified instability and provided opportunities for the organization to expand its influence. At the international level, the formation and operation of transnational networks significantly contributed to the growth and consolidation of ISIS. This research employs a descriptive-analytical methodology based on a qualitative approach. Data were collected through documentary research, including library sources and internet-based materials.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • ISIS
  • Political Structures
  • Economic Factors
  • Regional Rivalries
  • and Transnational Networks

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