نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم سیاسی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین الملل ، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین الملل، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Energy security, as a fundamental pillar of national security and sustainable development, faces unprecedented and multidimensional threats in the era of hybrid warfare. This article employs an explanatory-analytical methodology using a novel combined model based on Hoffman's hybrid warfare theory and the Copenhagen School's energy securitization theory to investigate how hybrid warfare instruments affect Iran's four-dimensional energy security indicators. Hybrid warfare (including energy sanctions, cyber-attacks, and diplomatic pressures) is defined as the independent variable, and Iran's energy security (in terms of availability, accessibility, affordability, and environmental sustainability) as the dependent variable. Findings reveal that energy sanctions, as the primary hybrid warfare tool, negatively and structurally affect all energy security indicators through mediating mechanisms such as reduced foreign exchange earnings and technology restrictions, and are moderated by variables such as domestic management and aging infrastructure. Contextualizing this within the structural violence framework, the article proposes multidimensional countermeasures.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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