سیاست ایالات متحده نسبت به چین در چارچوب استراتژی مصون‌سازی (2021-1990)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای روابط بین الملل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اصفهان(خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه مطالعات منطقه ای، دانشگاه تهران، ایران.

چکیده

روابط آمریکا و چین مهمترین و در عین حال پیچیده‌ترین روابط در آسیا است. با توجه به رشد سریع چین و تلاش امریکا برای حفظ قدرت خود در منطقه، دو کشور در کشمکش فزاینده‌ای برای کسب قدرت و نفوذ بیشتر در آسیا قرار گرفته‌اند و سطوح مختلف تعامل و رقابت را در برابر یکدیگر تجربه می‌نمایند. پرسش این است که با عنایت به اهمیت آسیا در استراتژی‌های کلان ایالات‌متحده، واشنگتن چه راهبردی را در مقابل ظهور پکن در منطقه دنبال می‌نماید؟ فرضیه پژوهش که به روش توصیفی- تحلیلی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته آن است که واشنگتن به دلیل نگرانی از پیامدهای غیرقابل پیش‌بینی رقابت با چین که ممکن است به منازعه نظامی دو کشور منجر شود؛ سعی نموده است طیفی از استراتژی مصون‌سازی(مثبت تا منفی) را متناسب با ارزیابی این کشور از تاثیر خیزش چین بر هژمونی آمریکا در دستور کار قرار دهد تا ضمن مهار چین از رویارویی مستقیم با این کشور جلوگیری نماید. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که ایالات‌متحده در برخورد با رقبا، استراتژی‌های متنوعی را به صورت هوشمند متناسب با شرایط ژئوپلتیک منطقه و فضای عمومی بین‌المللی به کار برده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

US Policy Towards China in the Framework of the Immunity Strategy (1990-2021)

نویسندگان [English]

  • maryam derakhshandeh lazarjani 1
  • nozar Shafiee 2
1 PhD student in International Relations, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan), Isfahan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Regional Studies, University of Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

US-China relations are the most important and at the same time the most complicated relations in Asia. Given China's rapid growth and US efforts to maintain its power in the region, the two countries are in an increasing struggle to gain more power and influence in Asia, and are experiencing different levels of interaction and competition against each other. The question is, considering the importance of Asia in the macro strategies of the United States, what strategy does Washington follow against the rise of Beijing in the region? The hypothesis of the research, which has been investigated in a descriptive-analytical way, is that Washington is worried about the unpredictable consequences of competition with China, which may lead to a military conflict between the two countries; It has tried to put a range of hedging strategies (positive to negative) in accordance with this country's assessment of the impact of China's rise on American hegemony, in order to restrain China and avoid direct confrontation with this country. Findings show that the United States has used a variety of strategies in dealing with competitors intelligently in accordance with the geopolitical conditions of the region and the international public space.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Foreign Policy
  • China rising
  • Security dilemma
  • Hedging Strategy
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