نقش هند در استراتژی احاله مسئولیت آمریکا برای مهار چین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین الملل،‌ دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، ‌دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین الملل ، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین الملل، دانشگاه تهران،‌تهران، ایران

چکیده

آمریکا با پایان جنگ سرد و فروپاشی بلوک شرق به‌عنوان یک قدرت بزرگ، برتری جهانی یافت. اما تحولات عرصه بین‌الملل در دهه‌های اخیر به‌ویژه خیزش قدرت‌های نوظهوری ازجمله چین سبب گشت تا آمریکا با چالش‌های جدی در توزیع قدرت خود در نیمکره شرقی مواجه گردد. چین در سال‌های اخیر به بازیگری تأثیرگذار در نظام بین‌الملل مبدل گشته و در پی آن بود تا با بهره‌گیری از قدرت اقتصادی، نفوذ سیاسی و امنیتی خود را در جهان به‌ویژه حوزه هندو-پاسیفیک گسترش دهد. این مسئله برای دولت واشنگتن که دارای منافع راهبردی بسیار در این منطقه بود؛ قابل‌قبول واقع نشد. از همین رو استراتژی آمریکا در جهت مهار قدرت چین در قالب استراتژی احاله مسئولیت در منطقه هندو-پاسفیک تبلوریافته و کشور هند در میان متحدان آمریکا به سبب موقعیت ویژه در این منطقه توانسته به‌عنوان یکی از مؤتلفین اصلی واشنگتن به نقش‌آفرینی بپردازد. مقاله حاضر به دنبال پاسخگویی به این سؤال بود که چگونه هند در استراتژی احاله مسئولیت آمریکا در منطقه هندو-پاسیفیک برای مهار چین نقش‌آفرینی کرده بود؟ در پاسخ به این سؤال که با روش تبیینی-تکوینی و ابزار تحقیق کتابخانه‌ای بررسی‌شده است ؛ فرضیه و یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که آمریکا در ابعاد اقتصادی-تجاری و نظامی-امنیتی از طریق سرمایه‌گذاری، تجارت دوجانبه، ائتلاف‌های دوجانبه و چندجانبه، امضای موافقت‌نامه‌های نظامی-امنیتی و... با کشور هند درصدد ائتلاف‌سازی چندجانبه و پیوند منافع استراتژیک بود که استراتژی احاله مسئولیت آمریکا را جهت مهار چین تقویت ‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

India's role in America's strategy of buck passing for China's containment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholamreza Karimi 1
  • Shirin Haddad Zand 2
  • Maryam Ahmadpour 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Khwarazmi University, Tehran, Iran
2 Phd Student , Department of Political Science and International Relations, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Khwarazmi University, Tehran, Iran
3 Phd Student, Department of Political Science and International Relations, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

With the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Eastern Bloc, the United States gained global supremacy as a great power. But the developments in the international arena, especially the rise of emerging powers such as China, caused America to face serious challenges in the distribution of its power in the Eastern Hemisphere. China has become an influential actor in the international system and is seeking to expand its political and security influence in the world, especially in the Indo-Pacific area, by using its economic power. This issue is not acceptable for the Washington government, which has many strategic interests in this region. Therefore, the strategy of the United States to restrain China's power has appeared in the form of buck passing strategy in the Indo-Pacific region and India, among America's allies, has been able to play a role as one of Washington's main allies due to its special position in this region. This research seeks to answer the question of how India plays a role in America's buck passing strategy in the Indo-Pacific region? In response to this question that has been investigated with an explanatory-formative method and library research tools; the hypothesis and findings of the research show that the United States in order to strengthen the American buck passing was trying to build multilateral alliances with India through investment, bilateral trade, bilateral and multilateral alliances, signing military-security agreements, etc.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Buck Passing
  • China
  • India
  • Indo-Pacific
  • U.S

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